外贸英语汉译英赏析
(1)我们希望指出,这里市场竞争激烈,要想成功地销售出去,你方报价须具有吸引力,否则将有困难.
共有五个分句,各自语法地位大不相同.汉语是一种流水句,分句间可以由逗号相连;但英语讲究形式上的相互照应,不同语法功能的从句必须反映在句型和关联词上.这是汉译英中比较重大的一条.也就是说,汉语可以用四个逗号隔出五个分句,但英语不可以,而是要用关联词,从字面形式上体现出其内在关系.
例如, 可以认为, " 指出"的原因在于"竞争",当然也可以表现为"竞争"的逻辑结论是"指出",这样这个句子至少有两种英译形式.
1)We would like to point out that because of the harsh / fierce competition in our market your quotation must be attractive to the buyers at our end before we could sell successfully your products here.
2) Fierce competition in the local market here means that, it seems obvious to us, it would be difficult for us to promote successfully the sale of your products if your quotation is not attractive to our end-users here.
如果五个句子综合考虑,可以变换角度译为:
We would like to point out that your quotation has to be attractive to the buyers here, otherwise it would be difficult for us to sell your products in this competitive market.
市场竞争激烈: fierce / harsh / competitive market
(2)如果你方的价格做得开的话,我们相信能成大生意.
像"价格做得开"和"能成大生意",这类熟语,与别的信函中可能出现的专业性比较强的术语一样,在商务英语中都可以做适当的淡化处理. 也就是说,无论汉语原文是专业色彩较浓的,还是相对口语化的,用于信函往来的译文都可以使用一般化的句型和词汇,只要说清楚事情就行,不必追求风格上的一致.
a.If your prices are in line, we trust important business can materialize.
b,If your prices are attractive, we believe we can make big business.
英文站点:Financing Local Roads Construction:Small Markets Make Big Business. http://www.artba.org/economics_research/reports_studies/finance_local_roads/financing_road_construction.htm
U.S. Firms Make Big Business With Iraq.
(3)很高兴收到你方8月25日询价,根据你方要求,今寄上有插图的目录和明细价目单.
两个逗号,三个分句,两个完整的意思.四种处理译法:
a.处理为一大一小两个简单句
We were very pleased to receive your inquiry of August 25 and enclose our illustrated catalogue and the detailed price-list as you asked.
b,处理为两个句子.
第一句告知来信收到表示感谢,
We are very pleased to receive your inquiry of August 25.
We were very pleased to have received your inquiry of August 25.
第二句根据特定要求采取寄上目录和价单的行动.(汉语原文中省略了主语,英译文中必须有主语,译文的主语可以是"我"或"我们"或"我公司",这样译文可以是以下的任何一个或其他变体:
I am pleased to enclose our illustrated catalogue and the price-list for your reference.
We are pleased to enclose our illustrated catalogue and the price-list for your reference.
For your information we are sending you a copy of our illustrated catalogue and price-list.
We have enclosed our illustrated catalogue and a copy of the detailed price-list for you.
Our illustrated catalogue and price-list are enclosed for your reference.
Enclosed for your information are our illustrated catalogue and the detailed price-list as you asked.
C,把对方"you"作为译文的主语,这种着眼符合国际信函中比较受重视的you attitude,值得提倡.这样需要改变谓语用语,也就是由"寄"改为"收".
Enclosed please find our illustrated catalogue and the detailed price-list as you asked.
You will find in the attachment our illustrated catalogue and the detailed price-list you asked for.
Would you please check and find our illustrated catalogue and the detailed price-list enclosed.
D,译文主语为"目录".以物为主语在英语中远比汉语中用的多.
The illustrated catalogue and the detailed price-list you asked for have been enclosed.
Two copies of our illustrated catalogue and price-list , which you asked for, have been enclosed for your infomation.
4) 根据你方要求
可译为: in accordance with your request 或 as per your requirement
但不宜译为: according to your demand.
前两种译法是对的,但显得有些公事公办容易产生距离感,因此不如译为:
as you asked / as required / as requested 达意即可.
典型錯誤：According to me,the building should be torn down. According to the above reason, I have to fire him. According to his opinion, the bridge is about to collapse.
解說：以上三句話為什麼錯呢？因為這樣寫的人誤解了Accordingto的意思，一般人看了字典解說According to是﹁根據﹂，心想According to me 就是「
根據我的看法」，這樣寫怎麼會錯呢？可是，這樣想的人低估了語言的複雜性，殊不知，英國人或美國人用According to時,他們習慣上會在面加上某權威人士或事物，例如：According tothe minister或According to the Bible，因此當他們看到According to me時，會覺得很不順眼，因為他們從來不會這樣講，他們會認為說這句話的人是自大狂。
According to the above reason或According to his opinion之所以不對，也是因為習慣上沒有人會這樣講，總之，說寫英文時，只看字典的解釋絕對不夠，還須看例句，或用法的說明，才能正確使用任何一個單字。
當然According to 還有別的用法，例如They will be punished according to the seriousness of their crime.(他們所受的懲罰將視犯罪的嚴重性而定)，不過這時的according to放在句子的中間，和放在句首的According to the Bible的用法以及意義不同，不能相提並論。
(5) 我方可保证收到订单后两周内交货.
解析: 如果"交货"定义很明确,而且与客户的贸易条款已商量妥当,可译为:
We guarantee to deliver the goods within fourteen days of receipt of your oder.
但如果"交货"定义不明,贸易条款尚未商量妥当时,建议不要落实译为deliver the goods, 可以采用effect shipment 为好, 为了淡化或者中和汉语原文中的"可保证",而不把话说死,以免被动,可译为:
We would try to effect shipment in fourteen days of the receipt of your order.
因此,在商贸信函中,汉英表达不必要求句法与词上的一一对应,关键是把事情说清楚,更有效地为促成贸易而服务.
(6), 寄上 / 邮寄 / 附寄 / 随信附上 / 随函附上一份
这些汉语说法,可以译为下列方式之一. 与其他公文套语一样,这里的关键不是"字字对应"的翻译, 而是具体"语境"下的"语义等值"
enclose ( v )
Enclosed is a copy of ...
We enclose a copy of ...
Enclosed please find a copy of...
(7) 日期表达
汉语,英国英语,美国英语有些区别,各自有相对固定的格式. 下列为国际商务信函中比较通行的正确表达方式.请注意词序,词间空格,基数词和序数词及逗号的应用:
18 August, 2004
August 18, 2004
18th August 2004
Tuesday, August 18, 2004
(8), 我方产品质量上乘,价格合理.
a. Our products / goods are both excellent in quality and reasonable in price.(原汁原味,活用介词in,非常地道的英文表达)
b,质量上乘 high quality, super quality, reliable quality, excellent quality, superior in quality.
c, 价格合理 reasonable price; rational price; moderate price; competitive price; street price; right price etc.
(9) 询盘:
Heavy enquiries witness the quality of our products.
大量询盘证明我们产品质量过硬
As soon as the price picks up, enquiries will revive.
一旦价格回升，询盘将恢复活跃。Enquiries for carpets are getting more numerous.
对地毯的询盘日益增加。
Enquiries are so large that we can only than allot you 200 cases.
询盘如此之多，我们只能分给你们200箱货。
Enquiries are dwindling. 询盘正在减少。
Generally speaking, inquiries are made by the buyers.
询盘一般由买方发出。
Mr. Baker is sent to Beijing to make an inquiry at China National Textiles Corporation. 贝克先生来北京向中国纺织公司进行询价。
We regret that the goods you inquire about are not available.
很遗憾，你们所询的货物现在无货。
To make an inquiry about our oranges, a representative of the Japanese company paid us a visit. 为了对我们的橙子询价，那家日本公司的一名代表访问了我们。
We cannot take care of your enquiry at present.
我们现在无力顾及你方的询盘。
Your enquiry is too vague to enable us to reply you.
你们的询盘不明确，我们无法答复。
Now that we've already made an inquiry about your articles, will you please reply as soon as possible? 既然我们已经对你们产品询价，可否尽快给予答复？
In the import and export business, we often make inquiries at foreign suppliers.
在进出口交易中，我们常向外商询价。
Can you give me an indication of price?你能给我一个估价吗？
Please let us know your lowest possible prices for the relevant goods.
请告知你们有关商品的最低价。
If your prices are favorable, I can place the order right away. 如果你们的价格优惠，我们可以马上订货。
When can I have your firm C.I.F. prices, Mr. Li?
李先生，什么时候能得到你们到岸价的实盘？We'd like to know what you can offer as well as your sales conditions. 我们想了解你们能供应什么，以及你们的销售条件。
How long does it usually take you to make delivery? 你们通常要多久才能交货？ Could you make prompt delivery? 可以即期交货吗？
Would you accept delivery spread over a period of time?不知你们能不能接受在一段时间里分批交货？
(10), 最近市场上对钢管需求量很大,因此我方对此实盘不能保留太久.
最近市场上对钢管需求量很大 :
a.There has been a great / big / active demand for steel tubes in the market;
b,The demand for steel tubes has been great in the market.
c,Steel tubes have been in great / big / active demand in the market.
d, Steel tubes are very much in demand in the market.
仔细品味这四种表达法,英语多用小词(如介词)的特点一目了然.
因此我方对此实盘不能保留太久.
a,Therefore we can't keep this offer open too long.
b, It is therefore impossible for us to keep this offer open too long. (推荐使用)
从意思表达完整的角度,两种译法皆可,但从英语的表达习惯角度而言,b显然更为可取.
(11)需求大则必然会造成涨价,这一点希望引起你方注意,同时请你们早日作答.
从前的译文:
Active demand will certainly result in increased price, to which we hope you will pay attention. Meanwhile , we expect your early reply.
在语法与语义的完整性上都无懈可击,但在语气上居高临下,含有教训人的口气,读者自然不悦.如果着眼于促成生意的目的,可以略去不说"注意".
a. As you are aware that big / active / great demand in the market will lead to price hikes, we look forward to your early orders.
b,Probably you have noticed that strong market demand for steel tubes , and an early order will benefit both of us.
(从对方的角度展开,以期达到benefit both of us ( 双赢---win-win),对方一看感觉挺爽,一不小心下了很大一笔单,Cool)
c,Active demand will certainly result in increased price, and for this reason we expect your early reply.
(for this reason,从价格上涨角度出发,替对方考虑,言下之意为快点下单,这就是狡猾得不露痕迹,外贸英语就要写得让客户不知不觉中按照我们的意图去做,而且还很高兴的样子)
(12) 我们没有最低起订量的限制，你可以订几台甚至可以只订一台机器。
There's no minimum quantity, so you can order just a few or even just one machine.
The price depends on quantity. 价格依数量而定.
(13)尊敬的次长阁下:非常欢迎您莅临我公司，我谨代表xxx有限公司感谢贵国的朋友来临指导．
对于我们来说能和您见面是一种荣誉，非常期待您的再次光临和指导．再致以您我最深切的感谢！
Dear Mr Parliamentary Secretary,
Welcome to our company.It would be an honor to have you here today.On behalf of all the staff of xxx Co., Ltd, I would like to extend my sincere thanks to you and all the distinguished guests.
We feel so honored to meet you here.We are hoping we can meet you once again. Thank you very much.
(14) 拳头产品; 龙头产品; 尖端产品
拳头产品 : Competitive products ;
knock-out products; blockbuster products.
龙头产品: core products ;
flagship products; mainstay products
尖端产品: highly sophisticated products
(15) 请给我们报拉格斯到岸价.
English: a,Please quote ( us) your lowest price CIF Lagos
b,Please let us have your lowest price CIF Lagos.
赏析: quote 后面经常接price,有时会把price省去.如:
Please quote us for walnuts CIF Lagos.实际上省略了your lowest price 这三个词.
(16)按照要求,我报盘100辆凤凰牌自行车如下:
English: As requested, we offer (are offering) you 100 pieces "Phoenix" Brand Bicycles as follows:
赏析: 按照要求(请求),as requested,常用的状语,可以理解是由 as it is requested 简化而来,有时用 as per your request,意义相近.
offer报盘(包括货名,规格,数量,价格,船期及答复期限等).在make offer,send offer, give offer,cable offer后通常接介词for间或接on. 如:
Please make(send,cable) us an offer for walnuts.(核桃)
Buyers are anxious to get an offer for walnuts.
如说:"你们已报某货的盘或某数量的盘"通常用介词of:
We are working on your offer of 2,000 kilos black tea.
Your offer of wood oil is too high.
(17)上述报盘以我方最后确认为准.
译文: The above offer is subject to our final confirmation
赏析:subject to 以......为条件(为准)
以你方答复于3月28日前到达这里为准.
Subject to your reply reaching here before March 28.
以你方立即接受为条件.
Subject to your immediate acceptance.
在外贸业务中,所谓立即接受,大约给三天时间,为了避免误解,还是指明确切日子为好.
(18) 我的电脑不幸遭遇特洛伊木马病毒,使用木马防线查杀却无济于事.痛苦!
译文: Unfortunately, my PC infects Trojan Horse Virus.I use Anti Ghostbuster to scan the computer and try to remove Trojan but it doesn't work well.
It really sucks.
此乃本人实情,所以在这个板块这个专题插入一段题外话,而且昨天正式从软件公司辞职了,从今天开始我就和福步的兄弟姐妹们共进退,同在外贸的这片蓝天下痛苦又勇敢地生存并发展,so I wanna say " I come, I conquer ".
(19) 结果如下.
译文: The results are as follows:
解析: as follows === as what follows 是习语," as" 是关系代词,不论句子的主语是单数还是复数只可用"as follows" 不可用"as follow".如:
Our prices are as follows:
Our price is as follows:
该习语作状语时也是一样.
(20) 牛市 / Bull market
赏析: bull 在股票市场，“牛市”（bull market）是上涨的行情，“熊市”（bear market）是下跌的行情。stockbroker是指股票投资者。sell the bear′s skin before he had caught the bear指卖空（buy short），在俚语中，sell a bear也同样指卖空。另外，在股市以外，牛和熊也有含义：英国人自称为“约翰牛”（John Bull），美国男篮也有大名鼎鼎的“芝加哥公牛队”（Chicago Bulls），bull指“粗壮的人，卤莽得人，凶猛的人”，a bull in a china shop指“说话或行动卤莽的人，笨手笨脚动辄闯祸的人”，shoot the bull指“吹牛皮”，a bear for hard work指“能吃苦耐劳的人”。
谈完牛(bull)之后,我们来体会与外贸密切相关的市场(market)的用法.
Market:
行市下跌: Market is declining.
行市上涨: Market is advancing.
行市十分坚挺(迅速,持续上涨) Market is strong.
行市坚挺(行市有上涨表现) Market is firm.
行市疲软 (行市有下跌趋势) Market is weak.
市场活跃 Market is brisk (active).
(21) 新电脑游戏将于六月在台问世.
译文: The new computer game will hit the market in Taiwan this June.
hit the market 上市
The new product will hit the market next week.
新产品将于下周上市.
November is the season for this commodity in our market
在我们那儿十一月是这个商品上市季节.
We readjust our price according to the international market.
我们是根据世界市场的行情来调整价格的。
(22)自我产品介绍时几句非常有用的话
Our quality is far beyond comparison.
我们的质量是无与伦比的
Our product has won / gained great popularity in the market
我们的产品在市场上大受欢迎。
Quality is something we never neglect. Good quality ensures continued sales.
我们一直十分重视质量。商品质量好，才能不断有销路。
(23)将价格英语进行到底
If your price is favorable, we can book an order right away.
如果你方价格优惠，我们可以马上订货。
We may reconsider our price if your order is big enough.
如果你方订货数量大，价格我们还可以考虑。
All these articles are our best selling lines.
这些产品都是我们的畅销货。
These patterns are relatively popular in the international market.
这些产品的花色是目前国际市场上比较流行的。
It is difficult for us to sell the goods, as your price is so high.
你们的价格那么高，我们很难以这个价格销售。
It would be very difficult for us to push any sales if we buy it at this price.
如果按这个价格买进，我方实在难以推销。
Your price is 25% higher than that of last year.
你方的价格比去年高出了百分之二十五（25%）。
You may notice that the price for this commodity has gone up since last year.
您知道从去年以来这种商品的价格上涨了。
You know, the price for this commodity has gone up a lot in the last few months.
您知道，几个月来这种商品的价格上涨得很多。
The price for this commodity is US per pound in the international market.
这种商品国际市场的价格是每磅二十五（25）美元。
Our price is reasonable as compared with that in the international market.
我们的价格和国际市场的价格相比还是合理的。
I'm afraid I don't agree with you there.
我不同意您的说法。
Your price is higher than those we got from elsewhere.
你们的价格比我们从别处得到的报价要高。
The Japanese quotation is lower.
日本的报价就比较低。
You should take quality into consideration.
您必须要考虑到质量问题。
（24) 你方6月7日来信收到，谢谢，对此我们已于昨天电复。
分析： 汉语的时态不如英语那么细腻。“我们已于”在译成英语时应注意。有人会根据“已”字采用完成时态，但请注意该句含有时间状语“昨天”，因此应当使用过去时态。
Thank you for your letter of June 7， and we sent you a reply by mail yesterday。（不用 have sent）。
（25)从我们的电子邮件中你方谅必知道，我们能够报实盘6辆卡丁车成本，保险费加运费温哥华每辆300美金，在收到你方订单后20天内交货。货款支付方式为即期信用证支付。该报盘以你方答复在一星期内到达此地为有效。
分析：完整陈述我方实盘内容，同时加上“该报盘以你方答复在一星期内到达此地为有效."之类的限制条件，稍稍给对方一点速下定决心的压力。这些都是实务信函中常见的固定表达。
You must have noted from our mail that we can make you a firm offer on 6 Go-karts at USD300 per piece CIF Vancouver. Delivery can be made within 20 days upon the arrival of your order, and payment is to be by sight letter of credit. This offer is subject to your reply reaching here within one week.
此盘中信息准确，含有CIF价，货物数量，装运期限，付款方式，是较为professional的。
(28) 敦促开立信用证
先生：
事由：我方第WE－136售货确认书
关于我方第WE－136售货确认书项下三百辆卡丁车，拟提请注意交货日期日益迫近，但至今未收到相关信用证。请速开立信用证，以便我方顺利执行这项订单。
为了避免随后的修改，务请注意信用证的规定事项与合同条款完全一致。盼佳音。
此致
分析：对方已经订货但尚未付款；我方已经备货可又未收汇。即使把事情简化到极端也能发现：倘若此时对方撤单，我方净亏势必大于对方。正是基于这么一个简单的道理，商务信函写作中，在这种情况下，一定要注意论述的角度和下笔的语气，应当提出解决方案而不要争论谁是谁非，应当小心赔笑而不能咄咄逼人，应当点到辄止而不必过多理论。
事由：subject line / subject / Subj. / Reference / Re./ Caption
如果事由一项已用上述方式表达清楚，则第一段第一句译文可简化为：
With reference to the above-mentioned contract, we would like to...
Referring to the captioned goods, we would like to have your attention to...
完整译文：
Dear sirs,
Re: Our Sales Confirmation No. WE-136
With reference to the 300 Go-karts under our Sales Confirmation No.WE-136, we would draw your attention to the fact that the date of delivery is approaching but we have not yet received your covering Letter of Credit.
Please try our best to establish the L/C, so that we can process your order in good time.
In order to avoid subsequent amendments, please see to it that the L/C stipulations are in exact accordance with the terms of the contract. We hope to receive your favourable news soon.
Yours truly,
Young Tu
用词解析：1）拟提请注意 ： would like to （拟） or would
draw sb's attention to / have sb’s attention to （使用介词to）
2）日益迫近 is approaching （现在进行时态体现惟妙惟肖）approach是个好词，可以借鉴使用。
3）请速开立信用证 Please try our best to establish the L/C。本来是要对方如何如何，但用个our表明是我们共同的事情，让对方感觉很好，能够统一立场，而不是咄咄逼人，对方易接受，这种写法值得借鉴。
(29) 我们很乐意地通知你方，你方5月28日所定购的货物，已经于6月16日交由“Evergreen”货轮自宁波北仑港运出。
译:We are pleased to inform you that the goods you ordered on May 28 were loaded onto S.S."Evergreen" on June 16, which was to depart from Beilun Port, Ningbo, Zhejiang.
"已经于6月16日交由“Evergreen”货轮自宁波北仑港运出。"这个分句，在汉语中称为连动句式，英语译文应根据逻辑关系表现出各个动词的语法作用。
交由不应译为Given。汉译英中，字面上的对应并不总是含义上的对等，实际业务中的货物交割也并不是一给了之。译文应当着眼于实际动作，即“装运上船”
而“运出”实际上是指船离开北仑港，其逻辑主语是“船”，安排成一个从句正好化解这个连动结构。
表示“货船”或“货轮”的英语单词，在商务书信中常用的有cargo liner,cargo ship,cargo vessel, freighter, freight ship,motor ship,steamer,tramp steamer, vessel等。常使用英语缩写形式。“货轮”的标记可以是S.S或s.s或SS或S/S都是steamship的缩写。有时使用MS或M.S表示，意为“Motor Ship”指内燃机船或柴油机船，也可各类现代化的货轮。
关于船名的表达，需要注意五点。
a，如果是外籍船舶，沿用外语原名，如 S.S. “Fortune”，不易译成“幸福”、“财富”等异化名称，查阅国际船期公告很不方便；如果定要汉译，也要附上英语原名。
b，如果是中国船舶，采用汉语拼音，如“粤海铁1号” “Yue Hai Tie 1 Hao”，不易自做主张译为“Guangzhou－Haikou Railway No. 1”，否则结果同上。
c，文本环境下大写首字母即可，如“泰山”轮 应当写作 S.S. “Taishan”.
d，船舶名均用引号，如上述各例
e，汉语中"该船","此船”或“它”指代，英语中应使用she或her，因为英语叙述过程中更有可能使用代词来指代名词，古英语中名词皆有“性”的痕迹。
（30）兹确认收到你方6月20日的来函，此函要求我方将标题货物投保保险，保险费由你方承担。
难点：汉语没有从句结构，需要进一步解释的概念，术语，核心词，只好再说一遍才能引起下一句，如“来函”，“此函”，“保险”与“保险费”。这在英语中利用从句，介词短语，现在分词短语等结构，可以很容易地处理为长句式。
牛刀小试：
1） This is to acknowledge the receipt of your letter dated 20th July requesting us to effect insurance on the captioned shipment for your account.
句中dated July 20的逻辑主语是letter，英语利用了过去分词短语作后置定语；requesting us to effect...的逻辑主语也是letter，译文利用了现在分词结构。Letter自动担当起下一意群的主语，无需再译“此函”一词。同理，for your account的修饰对象是insurance，“保险费”无需另行译写。
当然，一一对应结构也可译为：
This is to acknowledge the receipt of your letter dated 20th July. Your letter requests / requested us to effect insurance on the captioned shipment, and the premium(s) / expense(s) will be for your account.
从语法上讲是对的，但从修辞效果和交际效果看，不如第一种行文言简意赅，公函色彩更浓。
运用英语的从句结构，同一汉语原文还可译为下列两种形式：
a，This is to acknowledge the receipt of your letter dated July 20, which requests / requested us to effect insurance on the captaioned shipment at your expense.
b,This is to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, which was dated 20th July and requested us to effect insurance, at your expense, on the captioned shipment.
如果词汇量不够，也可译为：
a：This is to tell you that we've got your letter of July 20.You asked us to insure your goods and you said you would pay for it / the insurance policy.
b,We are writing to you about your July 20 Letter, In the letter you said you would pay for the insuracne of your order and asked us to insure it for you.
c,Your letter of July 20 has been received. We understand from it that you would like us to insure your shipment, with the premium(s) to be paid by you.
"兹”为汉语公文信函起始常用套语，类似的表达还有“谨”等等。与之等值的说法不是一个单词，而是一些固定句型，可以译为：
This is to acknowledge...
We are writing to you about...
(31)我们已向中国人民保险公司替上述货物按金额5，000美元投保了一切险；我们正在按要求开列保险单，并将在下周二将保险单连同保险费的索款通知单一起寄给你方。
English: We are pleased to inform you that we have covered the above shipment with the People's Insurance Company of China against All Risks for USD 5,000.
The policy is being prepared accordingly and will be forwarded to you by next Tuesday together with our debit note for the premium.
货物已经报关,单据不能更改: 和" 请传真你方银行汇款底单"
1) The value of the cargo has been declared , so the documents can't be made any change.
货物已经报关,单据不能更改。
汉语是个流水句，译成英语时必须考虑其内在关系。因为货物已经报关， 所以单据不能更改。有潜在的因果关系。所以可用so这个词。
其二，货物报关实际就是指the value of the cargo。参见英文原版：http://www.middletonpotts.co.uk/library/default.asp?p=93&c=432
2) Please fax your remittance slip.
活用fax一词，简单明了。
(32) 今就我公司昨日收到的卡丁车装运不当一事向你方提出申诉。
纸上阅兵：
“投诉”与“申诉”在英语中是complain；是指把问题摆出来，看对方怎样答复。投诉信，即使事实清楚，理由充分，也要尽可能冷静，客观，宛转；叙述上应当以事实为依据，明确指出问题所在，不可以直接指责对方；行文用词和语气上应充分利用商务信函套句，不宜“忠实”与汉语原文的具体用字。
试比较：
1）Today we are complaining to you about the go-karts that we received yesterday.
2)We are writing to you to complain about the shipment of Go-karts we received yesterday.
3)We thank you for the shipment of Go-karts , which arrived yesterday and over which we are filling a complaint.
第一种贴近原文结构和用词，但交际效果不如第二种，而从“国际惯例”这个角
度看，第三种效果最佳。
(33) 20辆卡丁车及若干配件
其一： 最朴实的译法 twenty go－karts and some spare parts
或 twenty go－karts and a number of spare parts
其二：选择使用 as well as
需要注意汉语与英语在词序和语序有所不同
应当译为： a number of spare parts as well as twenty go－karts
而不是： twenty go－karts as well as a number of spare parts
as well as是英语中特有的一种连接词，并非汉语“和”，“及”或“以及”的字面对等词。
下面三个例句：
a，一方有权向违约一方索赔，此外并有权终止该合同。
Either party shall have the right to terminate the contract as well as the right to claim damages from the violating party.
b,新形势既为我公司提供了良好的发展机遇，同时也对我们的工作提出更高的要求。
These new developments will certainly set forth stricter requirements for our products and services as well as proffer good growth opportunities for the company.
c,我公司产品远销国内外大中城市和港台及东南亚五十多个国家和地区。
Products by this company are sold to Hongkong and Taiwan, China, and more than 10 countries and regions in Southeast Asia as well as to large cities in China.
（34）感谢你方14578号信用证，但是我们感到遗憾的是证中有一些不符之处。请将该证作如下修改：
（1）：金额的数字和文字表示都应为“44000美元”
（2）：汇票应为即期，而不是60天期
（3）：目的港应为伦敦，而不是多尔佛
（4）：信用证到期时间和地点应为：2005年8月1日在宁波到期。
如能早日传真信用证修改书将不胜感激。
Thank you for your L/C No.14578. but we regret to say that we have found a number of discrepancies. Please amend the L/C as follows:
(1)The amount both in figures and in words should
Respectively be USD44000 and Say US Dollars Forty-four Thousand Only.
(2)Draft to be at sight instead of at 60 days after sight.
(3)The port of destination should be London instead of Dover.
(4) The date and place of expiry should read: August 1, 2005 in Ningbo , China.
Your early fax amendment to the L/C will be highly appreciated.
Thanks in advance.
（35）一些常用该证表达法。
1）我们已收到贵方135号信用证，但发现其中有以下不符点。
We have received your L/C No. 135, but find it contains the following discrepancies.
2）现高兴地通知，你方通过瑞士联合银行开出的有关我方第177号售货确认书的信用证第H－24号刚刚收到。在审阅其中的条款后，我们遗憾地发现某些地方与合同规定的条款不符。
We are pleased to inform you that L/C NO. H-24 Issued by the Union Bank of Switzerland for our S/C No. 177 has just been received. However, on examining ( going through ) the clauses, we regretfully find that certain points are not in conformity with the terms stipulated in the contract.
**从我们双方以往的交易中你方当了解，这次事件纯属偶然。
英语的语序变化和词序应用非常灵活，翻译是不必也不应照搬原文的结构和叙述顺序。试译：
1）From our previous transactions you will realize that this sort of problem is quite unusual.这种译法比较严格地遵守原文的结构和语序
2）From our previous transactions you will realize that this may have been quite accidental.
3) This problem may have been really accidental, if you review our business experience over the past years. 采用了if从句，变换语序
4) This must have been an accidental event, as you are probably aware from our past dealings.采用了as从句，变换语序
5) You may have been aware from our past deals that the problems of this sort would happen sometimes.
但我们还是为给你们造成的麻烦深表歉意。
Nevertheless, we would apologize for the inconvenience it has caused you.
**这次事件纯属偶然
1) This sort of problem is quite unusual.
2) This may have been quite accidental.
3) This problem may have been really accidental.
4) This must have been an accidental event.
5) The problems of this sort would happen sometimes.
以往的交易
1)previous transactions
2)business experience over the past years
3)past dealings
4)past deals
**但我们还是为给你们造成的麻烦深表歉意。
Nevertheless, we would apologize for the inconvenience it has caused you.
其实深表歉意，不管是深表还是浅表，不外乎是歉意而已。因此，apologize一词搞定。（当然可以用 we are truly sorry 或feel very sorry ）。麻烦这里即是不方便之意，用inconvenience较为合理，trouble可以一边歇息去。
请将所有的货物退还给我们。我们将请船运公司来检查损失，以便他们安排赔偿。
Would you please return the whole consignment to us, and we will ask the shipping company to inspect the damage so that they can arrange compensation.
用would you结构给对方感觉好一点。
这件事不必麻烦我们的保险公司。
初看以为“这件事”是主语，但实际上整句是汉语特有的主题句，逻辑主语极有可能是省去的“我们”，或者说是个无主句。从语用学角度看，出口商自信可以找船公司自行解决，不愿给保险公司留下坏印象。英译时要充分考虑如何选择主语才能最佳表达此意。可以想象，we don't want 之类的句型势必显得口气生硬，贸易伙伴看了会笑话，保险公司听了会齿冷。
试译：
1）It is unlikely that our insurance company needs to be troubled with this case.
使用 It is unlikely that结构，感觉上就是在说英语，不错。以后，要多用该结构，用的地球人都知道为止。
2）Our insurance company may be spared of this trouble, since this is obviously a shipping problem.
不错，流利达意，语感很强，很英文，可借鉴。学习！
**麻烦的麻烦
1）但我们还是为给你们造成的麻烦深表歉意。
2）这件事不必麻烦我们的保险公司。
两个麻烦，一名一动，真是麻烦。
当名词用，可以是 headache，inconvenience， problem 和trouble；
与之搭配的动词用 bring，make，cause，create等。
当动词用，可以是 bother， trouble等。
如：Don't trouble trouble until trouble troubles you. 不要自找麻烦
**谢谢来信通知我们所交运的货物（发票号码XY123）受到损坏。
从我们双方以往的交易中你方当了解，这次事件纯属偶然。但我们还是为给你们造成的麻烦深表歉意。
请将所有的货物退还给我们。我们将请船运公司来检查损失，以便他们安排赔偿。这件事不必麻烦我们的保险公司。
参考译文：
Thank you for informing us about the damage to our shipment ( Invoice No. XY123 ) of your order.
From our previous transactions you will realize that this sort of problem is quite unusual.
Nevertheless, we would apologize for the inconvenience it has caused you。
Would you please return the whole consignment to us, and we will ask the shipping company to inspect the damage so that they can arrange compensation.
It is unlikely that our insurance company needs to be troubled with this case.
(45)建立代理关系
第一句话： 感谢8月1日来函，很高兴地接受贵司建议，按销货毛收入付我30％佣金。
分析：信函中，不论是真谢还是假谢，第一句总是对人家的谢意。很高兴可以有几种表达：
1) We are delighted / pleased / glad that ...
2) With pleasure ...
3) It is / was our pleasure that...
建议可以是 advice / suggestion / proposal，不过在这里意指提议，所以我们用proposal一词较为合适
销货毛收入 gross proceeds （收入；收益） of sales
付我30％佣金 allow / grant / give / offer us a commission of 30%
个人认为 allow 和 grant 更英文味
分析完毕，试译牛刀，三种译法：
1） With pleasure we accept your proposal ( your letter of August 1 ) allowing us a commission of 30% on gross proceeds of sales. ( Which allows / grants us a commission of 30% on gross proceeds of sales ).
2) It was our pleasure to have received your letter dated August 1, in which ( where ) you agreed to grant us a commission of 30% on the gross proceeds from the sales of your goods on our consignment.
3) We thank you for your letter of August 1 and accept with pleasure your proposal to allow us a commission of 30% on gross proceeds.
第二句话: 我公司同意于交货后第三个月底以前寄送销货清单并支付货款。
句子分析：
状语部分：交货后第三个月底以前 （ 时间）
1）due at the end of the third month after shipment
2）at the end of the third month after the shipment of your goods on consignment
3）due at the end of the third month after delivery
主干成分： 我司寄送销货清单并支付货款
1） We also render accounts of sales and send you the payments
2） Also we agree that accounts of sales and payments due shall be presented to you
3） As part of the part we agree to provide accounts of sales and send you the payments
这里用了 present ， provide 和 render 三个词表示寄送
把时间状语放在主干成分后，便okay了
密码区分字母大小写 Passwords are case sensitive
我司已将此信用证项下所有单证在发货后分别通知联运,通知保险代理031-3043538及开证行031-5645699，告知了保单号：825C036316，提供整套的装船细则，通知和传真的副本内容和正本,单证相符。
分析:
此信用证项下所有单证 all the documents the L/C required
在发货后 after the delivery
分别通知联运,通知保险代理031-3043538及开证行031-5645699， respectively notify the combined transport company, the insurance agent 031-3043538 and the Issuing Bank
告知了保单号：825C036316 advise the Insurance Policy Number: 825C036316
提供整套的装船细则，通知和传真的副本内容和正本,
Present the full set of Shipping Instructions, Notice and Faxed Copies and Original
单证相符
Documents are in strict conformity / compliance with the terms and conditions of letter of credit.
（46） 以上船期仅供参考, 如有更正请以最新船期为准。
仅供参考： for reference only / just for information / reference ; for your information / reference
The above vessel schedule is for reference only and subject to change without prior notice.
上海港，除非特别通知，以上船期即使有任何变更，截关及截港时间固定为每周六16：00PM。
除非特别通知 unless otherwise notified
即使有任何变更 even in case of changes
截关及截港时间 cut-off / closing time
In Shanghai port, unless otherwise notified, even in case of changes to vessel schedule,
normal cut-off / closing time on 16:00 PM of every Saturday remains fixed & unchanged.
(47) 兼收通过比利时安特卫普中转至斯堪的纳维亚各港口
Accept cargo to Scandinavia destinations VIA Antwerp.
比利时就没有必要译出，因为安特卫普大家都知道。港口译作destinations也可以。兼收就是接受之意，最多加上一个也（also），可以不加。
兼收江苏地区包括南京、南通、张家港、扬州、镇江以及安徽芜湖通过上海到以上各港口的货物.
Accept cargo from Jiangsu Area include Nanjing, Nantong, Zhangjiagang,Yangzhou, Zhenjiang and Wuhu( Anhui Province) VIA Shanghai to above ports.
(48) 美国朋友在信中写到：（他写的是英文版本，我译成了中文，倒过来分析）
今天有个早会，我要去冲个凉。待会儿再和你看看事情的进展。
译析：冲凉与早会之间存在果因关系，因为早会，所以冲凉。看看xxx ，老美爱用 check一词，从肥皂剧 Friends 《
老友记》或译作《
六人行》可见一斑。
冲凉 take a shower
I am jumping in the shower as I have an early morning meeting. I will check with you later for progress.
他用am jumping表达冲凉时的欢快心情，好像在水中跳跃，水中舞蹈，说明在shower中是种享受，他的生活态度是乐观的。其实，从用词的角度可以看出一个人的生活态度，正所谓有句话云“文如其人”(The style is the man)，此话不假。
（49) 昨天Randy给我的邮件，部分原文如下
These prices seem to be the best so far! See if they are approved here and then work towards the exclusivity! You are moving very fast and having very good results! Keep us informed and let me know when you wish to speak!
到目前为止，这是最有利的价格。但要了解他们的产品能否在这里许可销售，同时他们能否提供独家代理。你的工作进展很快，成绩斐然。请及时告知我们最新消息，如果想skype对话的话，请告诉我具体的时间。
（50）
That's fine - we can pay by credit card - assuming that is what you
mean by T/T.
没问题，我们可以用信用卡支付 （ 如果这就是你所说的T/T)
However before I just give you our credit card number do you have an authorization form or anything that I can fill out and sign and e-mail back that allows me to authorize your company for a certain amount payment from us．
但在我给你们卡号之前，我想知道你们有没有张授权书（授权表格）或我可以填写并签名的相关表格（文件），这样我便可以授权你们从我卡上提起一定数额的款项。
因为我们的货物一般都是整箱出货，你这次的是试单，为拼箱货，考虑到我们的货物不能重摔，所以建议你用托盘运输，货运公司可以代为托盘。
We usually accept the order by container, however , this time the quantity of your trial order is less than a container. We have to co-load the goods. As far as the goods easily breaks down concerned, we think it is better to use the tray during transportation.
